In the context of moral philosophy, the principle of double effect is often invoked to justify actions that have both positive and negative outcomes. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the application of this principle?

A. A doctor administers a pain-relieving drug to a terminally ill patient, knowing it may hasten the patient's death.

B. A government implements a policy that benefits the majority but disadvantages a minority group.

C. A person lies to protect a friend from harm, despite the lie causing distress to another individual.

D. A company decides to cut costs by reducing employee benefits, leading to increased profits but lower employee morale.

答案解析

The principle of double effect is used to justify actions that have both positive and negative outcomes, provided the negative outcome is not intended but merely foreseen as a side effect of achieving the positive outcome. Option A best illustrates this principle, as the doctor's primary intention is to relieve the patient's pain, with the potential hastening of death being an unintended side effect. Options B, C, and D involve actions where the negative outcomes could be seen as directly intended or not sufficiently justified by the positive outcomes, thus not fitting the principle of double effect as closely as option A.

正确答案：A

In the context of moral philosophy, the principle of double effect is often invoked to justify actions that have both positive and negative outcomes. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the application of this principle?

答案解析

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