**Core Concept:** This question assesses understanding of implied attitude or author’s tone, requiring a nuanced interpretation beyond what is directly stated. Specifically, the contradiction between the prediction of “steady growth” and the reality of “unpredictable fluctuations” is vital. **Step-by-step analysis:** 1. **Identify key phrases:** 'prevailing economic theory suggested a steady growth' presents a theoretical idea. 'the market experienced unpredictable fluctuations' presents a reality that contradicts it. The author emphasizes the perplexity of many experts as a consequence of the situation. 2. **Analyze the contrast:** The use of 'While' sets up a direct contrast. If the theory were valid, the fluctuations would be predictable. The unpredictable fluctuations imply the inadequacy of the theory in accurately forecasting market behavior. 3. **Evaluate the options:** * **A:** The author presents the theory and contradicts it with the reality. Thus, A is incorrect. * **B:** If the author supported the theory, the author would be more likely to find explanations and give excuses to the theory. Thus B is incorrect. * **C:** The author is not simply presenting facts but is highlighting a discrepancy in an indirect way. Thus, C is incorrect. * **D:** The author directly contrasts the expected outcome and the actual result, which creates a feeling of doubt on the validity of the theory. The author also stresses the experts are perplexed. This indicates a skepticism of the theory. Thus, D is correct. **Key Points:** * The use of 'While' implies a contrast, not agreement or acceptance. The contrast is the key to infer the skepticism of the author. * Pay attention to phrases indicating surprise, disbelief, or contradiction. * Consider the implications of the author's word choices and how they might suggest a particular attitude. **Error Prevention:** Option B is tempting because it is not as strong as option D, so it can be chosen by those who are not sure of their understanding. Option C can also be selected by someone who only focuses on the literal meaning of the sentence and ignores the implied tone.